Creative City Design
Volume:5 Issue: 2, Apr 2022

Climatically, the orientation of the courtyard effectively controls the receipt of renewable energy from wind and radiation. Thus, the type of activity on each side of the courtyard can be affected by the house's orientation. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the orientation of the courtyard and the number and position of sides in K houses. The study area was the old fabric of Kashan, and its statistical population was Qajar houses in the area of Jalali fortification. The type of research is applied, and the research method is historical. In this study, 20 Qajar houses from the Kashan Cultural Heritage Organization were chosen, each with a distinct orientation, the number of sides, and elongation. Each research variable was investigated through field visits and written sources, and SPSS outputs based on Pearson correlation. This study is innovative in terms of subject matter. The results showed no significant correlation between gradual change of orientation and change in the number or position of sides or elongation, but there are relationships; all cases have a north and south side. In the southwest and southeast orientation, most cases had an east side.

Creativity, as one of the aspects affecting the quality of design, is significantly integrated with design knowledge in the world of design and architecture. Undoubtedly, nurturing creative novices is one of the most important goals of architecture education. According to the results of the relevant studies, some prominent creative people in architecture have rarely mentioned the role of educational environment and professors as effective factors in nurturing and developing their abilities and creativity. The present study was conducted with the aim of examining and recognizing the factors affecting development of abilities and the emergence of creativity in the field of architecture, which finally due to the prevailing attitude towards the research issue the creativity of architecture professors will be measured and evaluated. Method The present study is considered as fundamental research in terms of purpose, and in terms of data collection method, it is descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population of this study includes professors teaching architecture at the level of Azad universities. The research sampling method was one-stage cluster random sampling. In this way, professors with the status of tuition fees in Tehran were randomly selected. The research tool was the standard Torrance Creativity Test. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software and t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, Levin, analysis of variance. According to the results, out of a total of 100 people in the sample population, 50 professors were evaluated as very highly creative professors, 38 as highly creative professors, 5 as moderately creative professors and 7 as professors with little creativity. Also, according to the average amount of professors' creativity, 97.33; it can be concluded that the average creativity is significantly larger than the criterion number 85. In other words, it is estimated that the creativity of professors is at a high level. There is also a significant relationship between creativity and demographic variables.

This research is in line with explaining the design problems of residential complexes from the users' point of view by POE evaluation according to its cultural context. Therefore, it seems that this process can be a way to achieve a pattern between designers and users, residents' satisfaction, as well as the correct system to improve the spatial quality of such environments, given the culture and lifestyle of its residents. Recognizing the current situation of users' residential quality, measuring user satisfaction and their type of interaction with designers, feedback to correct design defects and errors identified and results and experiences in the form of systematic strategies and models, according to the cultural context of the city, can Provide a solution and system that can be used in future projects and criteria. Independent variables were evaluated after construction and the dependent variable was the spatial quality of residential complexes influenced by cultural factors of users. 5 residential complexes in Ahvaz were compared and studied. The present research is applied research in terms of purpose, which is based on a case study with a qualitative and descriptive-analytical method. And has been done using common library tools as well as field observation. According to the nature of the subject and the studied indicators, the prevailing approach is survey type and using a questionnaire with residents and interviews with architectural experts in the field of housing. In terms of purpose, it is applied-developmental. SPSS software was used in the analysis of the questionnaire. The statistical sample size is obtained using Cochran's formula and based on the number of households living in each residential complex. The research findings confirm that POE, which as an evaluation method focuses on the needs of users to obtain their satisfaction with the environment and show design problems to designers and express its solution, as well as resource management and environmental sustainability. help. Also, measuring the quality of residential complex spaces depends on general factors such as the level of residential satisfaction of residents, the level of interaction between designers and users (participation), and comprehensive planning and design. To investigate each of these cases, it is necessary to pay attention to the cultural context of Ahvaz.

In the course of the last century, Iran, whose traditional architecture was based on its ancient philosophies and values combined with metaphysical concepts, found itself faced with different Western ideologies. Given that the number of valuable projects in the contemporary architecture of Iran has decreased, this study was an attempt to answer the following question: To what extent do the competitions held in Iran take into account the cognition and recreation of Iranian architectural elements, especially in residential buildings? In this study, Iranian architecture features and modern architecture features were classified in the categories of plan, ornament, material, volume and facade, and climatic features. In the next step, the award-winning residential projects over 10 years (from 2008 to 2017) were evaluated to determine their features. The research method was qualitative-quantitative. In the qualitative part, historical-analytical method and descriptive-analytical method were used to review award-winning projects and extract traditional and modern architecture elements. Logical reasoning method was used for data analysis, and SPSS was employed in the quantitative part. The sample of the study included 35 projects which had won "Memar-Award". The results show that in award-winning projects, the volume and façade, ornaments and materials were designed more based on the cognition of modern elements, while the plans were more based on the cognition of Iranian architecture. In general, modern elements were more frequently used in award-winning projects in comparison to traditional elements. Therefore, it can be claimed that "Memar-Award", in the residential sector, lead the contemporary architecture toward modern architecture.

Pyramids are considered stable forms in visual arts and architecture, the construction of which dates back to the emergence of the first civilizations. Since the third millennium BC, when humans entered civilization and urbanism, they began constructing pyramids and stone benches for burial or temple uses. Although the civilizations may not be contemporaneous in formation, in the course of architectural evolution in most parts of the world, such as Egypt, Mesopotamia, pre-Columbian America, and Southeast Asia, by entering civilization and urbanization, the construction of pyramids and stone benches have been seen in different forms. This study aims to find out where the pyramids were constructed in the world and their similarities and differences. This study was conducted using the descriptive-analytical method. The study results indicate that the pyramid form with a square base is an archetype which was formed and developed in regions of the world that were the center of civilization and myth. The pyramid is a symbol of a myth and thought. In India, the pyramid-shaped arch of Hindu temples represents the legend of Mount Meru. Despite the geographical and chronological gap between Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Inca, and Hindu temples, the archetype has shown to be very efficient in the construction of pyramidal structures. Hence, the difference in the construction of the pyramids depends on the use, culture, and needs of the society, which caused the pyramids to be diverse in decoration, dimensions, and size.

Human beings respond to the architectural spaces cognitively and emotionally. Research has shown that emotional feedback affects human health and well-being. Previously, researchers used qualitative methods such as observation or interview to measure human emotions in built environments, which did not provide a clear answer to human emotional needs because of researcher's unintended bias in research results. Today, with the advancement of cognitive and behavioral sciences, architects are able to quantitatively establish the impact of the built environment on humans using biometric data and provide more accurate results. The questions raised in the research can be expressed as follows: What is effect of the built environment on human emotions? How can these effects be measured? And how can it be effective in architectural design? The aim of this study is to identify an experimental methodology using a biometric data set to measure and record human emotions, which can be used to evaluate architectural design. The present study is carried out in two steps: In the first step, the related studies of 2015-2020 were identified using the systematic review method with a specific entry and exit criteria; and in the second step, different methods and tools of measuring and recording human emotions in the environment were investigated through descriptive-analytical method and logical reasoning. The results indicate that studies in this field are divided into three main categories: evaluation through cognition and perception, evaluation through visual features and evaluation through space navigation. The study ends with considerations for implementing a comprehensive approach that uses the biometric response as an evaluative method for designs in the future research.